Machine for backing books



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1l, A. MALM. MAGHINE POR BAGKING BOOKS.

/NVENTOR ./lexafzder' Malm.

WITNESS/5S.'

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' A. MALM.

MAGHINB FOR BAGKINGr-BOOKS.

im M ma MM ma u Z W/TNESSES A TTOHN E YS UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

ALEXANDEItMALM, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO T. IV. da C. B. SIIERIDAN, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR BACKING BooKs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 427,434, dated May 6, 1890.

Application filed November 21, 1889. Serial No. 331,144. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER MALM, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Backing Books, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for backing books; and it consists in certain novel features and combinations, hereinafter described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a front elevation, partly in section, of a book-backing machine containing the invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation of a section taken on the line 0c of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a plan View. Fig. 4 is an elevation of a section taken on the line 0c 0c of Fig. lV when both foot-levers are down. Fig. 5 is a separate view showing, among other things, the jaws and the rods by which they are opened and closed.

The letter A designates the frame of the machine, and B O are jaws for gripping and holding the books to be backed. These jaws are mounted on a common axis or rod D, on which they are free to swing to and fro to receive the work. The ends of the axis D are journaled and supported in sliding boxes E E, placed in openings in the ends of the frame, the boxes being prevented from falling out of the frame by flanges F F, formed on the outer and inner sides of the boxes, and which overlap the edges of the opening. The flanges are indicated by dotted lines in Figs. 1,2, and 4. The boxes are supported and adj usted in the frame by means of an adjusting-slide G, on which the boxes rest, and which extends through the frame of the machine from side to side. The ends of the slide are wedge-shaped on their under surfaces and rest on blocks H H, which are supported on stiff springs I I in the same openings in which the boxes are placed.

The boxes are raised and lowered in the frame by moving the slide G endwise, which is done by means of the adjusting-screw J, which passes loosely through a lug K, formed on one end of the slide outside of the frame, which lug comes between the hand-wheel L of the screw and a fixed collar M. The screw passes through a tapped hole made for it in the adjacent box E, and consequently when the screw is turned in one or the other direction the slide is moved in the corresponding direction upon and over the blocks H I-I, and the boxes are thereby either raised or lowered. The blocks II l-I rest on the springs I, which serve to counteract any excessive pressure on the jaws in working the forming-roller over the book.

The forming-roller N is adj ustably mounted in a frame that extends across the upper part of the machine, and is of greater length than the jaws. The upper ends of the frame the connected to each other by rods P P, and the lower ends are connected by pins P P t0 separate bell-crank levers Q. Q, which turn on pins R R, Fig. 8, and whose longer arms S S are pivoted to the upper ends of connectingrods T T, whose lower ends are pivoted to the inner arins of bell-crank levers U U, whose axis V extends from one side to the other of the frame of the machine, the other arms of said bell-crank levers being pivoted to the link W, which is pivoted to the foot-lever X.

The journals of the forming-roller N are mounted in sliding boxes Z Z in suitable openings in the roller-frame, said boxes being adjusted by means of screws l l in the ordinary manner, as indicated in Figs. l, 2, and 4.

Vhen the forming-roller is out of action and the foot-lever X and connections are in the position shown in Fig. 2, the roller-frame is thrown down upon the rest 3. Vhen the roller-frame is raised ready for action, as in Fig. 4, it is oscillated on the pins P P by the handsof the workman, who grasps the sides of the frame or the connecting-rods P and rolls the forming-roller N to and fro in contact with the back of the book which is clamped between the jaws.

The jaws B O are opened and closed by means of connecting-rods extending to them from a shaft 4, as follows: The shaft 4 is formed with an eccentric or cam 5, (see Figs. 2 and 4,) to which are connected the connecting-rods 6 7, of which rod 6 is extended to the inner jaw C and rod 7 is extended to the outer jaw B, to which jaws the rods are attached respectively by pins, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 4. The cam-shaft 4 is provided at one end with IOO a rigidly-attached worm-gear S, with which engages a worm S on a rotating shaft 8b, provided with a handle 9 in the form of a hand- Wheel, so that by turning the latter' the worm and worm -gear rotate the cam-shaft, and thereby open or close the gripping-jaws..

It will be observed by looking at Fig. 4 that by turning the eccentric 5 in the direction of arrow 1, marked near it in said figure, the jaws C and B will be moved away from each other, and that by turning the same in the opposite direction the jaws will be moved toward each other.

The connecting-rod 6 is made in two sections, (see Fig. 3,) so as to forma toggle-lever, -said sections being joined by a pivot 10, to which is attached the connecting-rod 11, which extends to the foot-lever 12. The foot of the connecting-rod 11 is pivoted at 1S to the shorter end of the segmental lever 13, which is pivoted by a pin 14 to the foot-lever 12, the longer end of said segmental lever 13 being provided with teeth which are in engagement with teeth on a stationary rack-bar 15, which in this example is fast on the axis V ot the bell-crank levers U. The connecting-rod 11 is in two parts, which are united by a right and left hand nut 16, so that the rod can be shortened or lengthened at pleasure.

Then the jaws are ready to receive the work, the longer arm of toot-lever 12 is up, and it is held up by the weight 17 on the shorter end of said foot-lever, the joint 10 of toggle-lever G being meanwhile bent upward, as illustrated in Fig. 5, so that full pressure is not yet made against the jaw. When the book to be rounded is in place in the jaws, the foot-lever 12 is brought down to its full extent, (see Fig. 2,) carrying down with it the segmental lever 13 and rod 11, the segmental lever as its teeth pass over the teeth of the rack-bar 15 being turned on the pivot-pin 14, so as to throw the shorter end of the segmental lever downward, thereby causing a downward pull on rod 11 and on the jointed rod 6, so as to straighten that rod 4and give an additional thrust against the j aw C, thereby compressing the book between the jaws. It will be observed that this additional pressure on the jaw C is not accompanied by and does not produce any change in the position of the jaw-B, nor of the connecting-rod 7, nor of the eccentric on shaft 4. Instead of employing a cam, as shown, on the shattin connection with the rods 6 7, I can make the eccentric connection by means of lugs on opposite sides of the shaft and connect said rods 6 and 7 therewith, so as to obtain the motion desired.

Vhen the book is properly held and secured between the jaws, the foot-lever X is brought down, whereby through the agency of the link WV, bell-crank levers U, connecting-rods T T, and bell-crank levers Q Q the rollerframe is swung to its working position, (see Fig. 4,) the forming-roller N being in propel' position to be operated upon the back of the book. The bell-crank levers Q Q are seen in the plan view, Fig. 3, and the longer arm S of one of them .is seen in Fig. 4, where its end is connected to one ot the connecting-rods T. The pins on which the said crank-levers Q turn are in Fig. 4 hid by the jaw C; but the hidden portions are indicated by dotted lines.

The foot-levers X and 12 are provided with catches, which fasten them down automatically when they have been brought down by the operator to their lowest position. One of them is shown in Figs. 2 and 4--namely, the one that acts on foot-lever 12-that which appertains to the other foot-lever X being hid in Fig. 4 behind foot -lever 12. The catches are constructed asfollows, namely: On the under surface of the foot-lever near its end is formed a keeper or socket 19, Which is adapted to receive the free end of a bolt 20, whose other end is pivoted to the upright arm 21 of a weighted foot-lever 22, which is pivoted at 23 to the lower part of the frame ot' the machine. The free end of bolt 2O is beveled on its upper side, so that when the footlever 12 is pushed down the adjacent lower edge of the keeper 19 strikes the beveled edge of the bolt 2O and causes the lever 22 to be turned on its pivot against its weighted end,

so as to withdraw the bolt a little distance and allow the keeper to pass the end of the bolt, which then, through the action of the weight, passes into the keeper 19 and locks said foot-lever. The outer end of lever 22 is provided with a foot-piece 24 to enable the workman to withdraw the bolt 2O from the keeper by turning the lever 22 on its pivot 23. The bolt 2O is supported when out of the keeper by the foot of the frame A through an opening in which it slides. A similar catch or locking device is applied to foot-lever X. By thus locking the foot-levers X and 12 in their lower positions the workman is relieved from giving them attention after the book is secured in the clamping-jaws until it becomes necessary to remove the book and supply the jaws with fresh work.

Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In abook-backing machine, the combination, with the swinging gripping-jaws, of a IOO IIO

rock-shaft having a worin-gear, rods eccenthe foot-levers, the swinging frame, and one of the jaws, of an automatic looking-catch. for each foot-lever, composed of aweighted lever pivoted to swing in a vertical plane and carrying a sliding bolt on its upper side to engage the keeper or socket `on the under side of the foot-lever, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

ALEXANDER MALM.

Witnesses:

W. C.. I-IAUFF, E. F. KASTENHUBER. i 

